In the Balinese language, people call traditional tattoo art ‘mencocoh’, according to the way the tattoo is carried out, the skin of the body is tattooed using black ink needles. At first, only shamans, rulers, and clergy practiced tattoo development. This is because Balinese tattoo designs carry magical values. These include ornaments, puppet characters, and ‘rerajahan’ (images that contain magical values). People in high social positions, believed to be closer to the Gods, were the only ones allowed to wear these tattoos. This article explores the History of Tattoo in Bali and how its meanings changed over time.
In religious functions, Bali tattoo is closely related to religion. Balinese people believed religious-patterned tattoos gave meaning to the wearer and protected them from evil spirits. Balinese traditional tattoo motifs can be divided into four types, including:
- Kala (evil figures), include the pictures of a bald giant, Rangda, Kala, Raja Banaspati, Kala Raksa, Buta Siu, the Jogor Manik, etc.
- Symbolic, include various Balinese sacred scripts such as Ang, Ung, Mang and Ongkara.
- Weapons, include the chains, daggers, axes and maces.
- Gods, include the Lord Vishnu, Lord Brahma, Goddess Durga, Goddess Lakshmi and Goddess Saraswati.
Learn more about the broader history of tattoos here: Tattoo
Traditional Materials & Techniques in Balinese Tattooing
Traditional Balinese tattoos use natural materials found in nature. For coloring, artists mix banana sap, jelaga (soot), and coconut oil. They apply this mixture to the skin before tattooing.
History of Tattoo in Bali: Development Through the Years
When the Japanese military invaded Bali, people changed how they used tattoos because of widespread crimes. In the 1970s, to show identity and solidarity, young people began to make tattoos. For modern insights, check our blog on Bali tattoo prices to learn how tattoo culture has evolved into today’s market. Young people believed tattoos strengthened the feeling of belonging among citizens in facing everything that is dangerous that comes from outside. At this stage the tattoo develops into a masculine status among the youth and all threats that come from the outside can certainly be overcome by them, although in the end it leads to violence.
Bali is now influenced by secular tattoos. Once a medium of transcendence, tattoos today are more about human relationships. The tendency of Balinese people to abandon local designs because of the fear of taking the risk if local sacred images are not properly depicted on the body and its transcendental value. This once happened when a Dutch tourist tattooed holy script on his ass which trigger strong reaction from Balinese Hindus.
FAQ About the History of Tattoo in Bali
Q1. When did traditional tattooing begin in Bali?
Traditional tattooing in Bali dates back centuries. Shamans, rulers, and priests were the first to practice it. Tattoos carried spiritual and magical significance, marking status and a closer connection to the gods.
Q2. What are common traditional Balinese tattoo motifs?
Balinese tattoos feature motifs such as Kala (mythical guardians), sacred scripts like Ongkara, weapons like daggers, and depictions of gods such as Vishnu, Durga, and Saraswati. Each motif holds symbolic meaning.
Q3. Are Balinese tattoos still popular today?
Yes. While traditional designs are less common due to their sacred nature, many modern professional tattoo artists in Bali reinterpret these motifs. Visitors also often choose Balinese-inspired tattoos as cultural souvenirs.
Want to experience authentic Balinese tattoo artistry? Book your session with our artists at Secret Arts Tattoo Studio in Bali.
